History 397U: History of Youth in America

University of Massachusetts

Spring 2007

T, Th 1:00-2:15

209 Herter Hall

 

 

Professor Laura Lovett                                            

635 Herter Hall

545-6778

Lovett@history.umass.edu                                        

Office Hours:  W 2-3, T 2:30-3:30 and by appointment

 

Course Description: This course will explore the history of childhood and youth from the late nineteenth century to the present.  We will examine the changing experiences of childhood and youth especially in light of industrialization, the rise of consumerism, and changes in the educational system.  Special consideration will be given to youth movements and the role of children and youth in the civil rights movement and other forms of political activity. Reading will be drawn from primary and secondary sources.  Student evaluation will be based upon participation and several short papers.

Texts:  (Books are available at Amherst Books, 8 Main Street, Amherst, MA 01002, 413.256.1547)

¥ Joe Austin and Michael Willard, Eds.,  Generations of Youth: Youth Cultures and History in Twentieth-Century America: Youth Cultures and History in Twentieth-Century America (New York, NY: NYU Press, 1998).

¥  Horatio Alger ,  Ragged Dick: Or, Street Life in New York with the Boot Blacks (New York, NY: Signet Classics, 2005). Also available online.

¥ Ellen Levine, Freedom's Children: Young Civil Rights Activists Tell Their Own Stories (New York, NY: Puffin, 2000).

 

Course Website: http://webct.oit.umass.edu

 

Evaluation:

Participation                         20%    

Short Writing  Assignments  20%

Newspaper Assignment         5%

Papers                                   15% each

Horatio Alger and Child Reform

Children's Voices in the Civil Rights Movement                   

Research Paper                     25%

          On approved topics              

 

Participation:

Your participation grade has three components: (1) Attendance, (2) Contribution to class discussion, and (3) WebCT discussion participation. You are expected to attend every class meeting, to be prepared, and to contribute to our discussion. Each week you will be asked to respond to a reading question on the WebCT discussion pages for your section. Questions will be posted on WebCT in advance.  Your responses will be due by Wednesday at 9pm.  Your responses should demonstrate that you have read and thought about the class material.  If you cannot post your response, you may bring a one page response paper to section in its place. Each response will be graded on a two point scale: depending on the quality of your response, you will receive two points, one point, or no points.

 

Newspaper Assignment:

As part of this class, you will be asked to skim a newspaper for articles relevant to childhood and youth.  It is your responsibility to bring an article to class and be prepared to present it by describing its content, its historical precedents, and its consequences or implications.  Your presentation should be no more than five minutes in length and should foster class discussion.  You will be required to present one article before Spring Break and one article after Spring Break.  Bring in something that interests you and is relevant to our class in some way.

 

Grade Scale

The University Grade Scale will be followed:

A = 93 and above; A- = 92-90; B+ = 89-88; B = 83-87; B- = 82-80; C+=79-78; C = 73-77; C- = 72-70; D+ = 69-69; D = 60-67; F = 59 and below.

 

Late Assignments

Numerous problems are lurking out there to help you miss assignment deadlines.  Computer failures, family crises, and misreading the syllabus will all send you scrambling to complete work on time.  Please plan ahead and be ready to work around such problems where possible.  Papers are due at the beginning of class.  Late papers will be docked one third of a letter grade for every day they are late.

 

Academic Honesty

Plagiarism is a serious violation of expected academic conduct.  Your work must be your own.  If you quote or paraphrase work from someone else, you must give credit and provide a reference for that source.  Links to guidelines on plagiarism, including the official policy on academic honesty, can be found on the following webpage: http://www.umass.edu/history/links_writing.html.  The penalty for plagiarism in this class is zero credit for the assignment in question.

 

Disabilities

If you have a documented disability that may affect your performance in the class, please speak to me as soon as possible so that appropriate arrangements can be made.

Lecture Schedule (Subject to Change): Please read & prepare the materials assigned before the class meets.

Week 1           Introduction  (1/30-2/1)

           

Defining Childhood and Youth

Should youth be defined in terms of social role or in terms of age?

 

Nathaniel Hawthorne, "The Wayside Introductory," from Tanglewood Tales (1853)

http://www.ibiblio.org/eldritch/nh/tt.html          

 

Begin Reading Horatio Alger, Ragged Dick: Or, Street Life in New York with the Boot Blacks

 

Week 2           Children's Experiences in the Nineteenth Century  (2/6-2/8)

 

Reading:

Horatio Alger, Ragged Dick: Or, Street Life in New York with the Boot Blacks

 

Lewis Hine Photograph Collection on Massachusetts for the National Child Labor Committee

 http://aok.lib.umbc.edu/specoll/digitcoll.php

 

NOTE: We will be reading the Hine photographs FROM the perspectives of the subjects, rather than the photographer. This article will help you think about ways to visually reinterpret HinesÕ work.

See James Curtis, "Making Sense of Documentary Photography," History Matters: The U.S. Survey Course on the Web, http://historymatters.gmu.edu/mse/Photos/, June 2003.

 

 

Week 3           Child Saving in the Progressive Era  (2/13-2/15)

 

Reading:

 Child Welfare Exhibit Posters (WebCT)

 

Mary van Kleek, "Child Labor in New York City Tenements,"Charities and the Commons 18 January 18, 1908

http://tenant.net/Community/LES/kleeck9.html

 

Margaret Jacobs, "Maternal Colonialism: White Women and Indigenous Child Removal in the American West and Australia, 1880-1940," Western Historical Quarterly 36 (2005), 453-476.

http://www.historycooperative.org/journals/whq/36.4/jacobs.html

 

Victoria Getis, "Experts and Juvenile Delinquency, 1900-1935" In Generations of Youth

 

Mary Odem, "Teenage Girls, Sexuality, and Working-Class parents in Early Twentieth Century California" In Generations of Youth

 

           

Week 4           Setting Standards: Child Health and Education (2/20-2/22)

Alger Paper Due

 

 Reading:

Alexandra Stern, "Beauty is not always better: Perfect babies the tyranny of pediatric norms," Patterns of Prejudice 36 (2002) 68-78.

 

Peter N. Stearns, "All are Above Average: Children at School" in Anxious Parents: A History of Modern Childrearing in America (New York: NYU Press, 2003), 81-124.

 

Week 5           Creating Youth Cultures and Identity (2/27-3/1)

 

Reading:

Jay Mechling," Heroism and the Problem of Impulsiveness for Early Twentieth Century American Youth" In Generations of Youth

John Bloom, "Rolling With the Punches: Boxing, Youth Culture, and Ethnic Identity at Federal Indian Boarding Schools During the 1930s" In Generations of Youth

 

Georganne Scheiner, "The Deanna Durbin Devotees: Fan Clubs and Spectatorship" In Generations of Youth

 

Paula Fass, "Creating New Identities: Youth And Ethnicity in New York City High Schools in the 1930s and 1940s" In Generations of Youth

 
 
Week 6           Marketing, Media and Material Culture (3/6-3/8)

 

Reading:

Music Assignment (WebCT)

 

Frank Baraja, "The Fifth Column of Sleepy Lagoon: A Convergent Struggle Against Fascism, 1942-1944," Aztlan 31 (2006) 33-62.

 

 Matt Garcia, "Memories of El Monte": Intercultural Dance Halls in Post-World War II Greater Los Angeles" In Generations of Youth

 

Thomas Hine, "The Teen Age" in The Rise and Fall of the American Teenager: A New History of the American Adolescent Experience (New York: Perennial Books, 1999), 225-248.

 

 

Week 7           Children and Policy  (3/27-3/29) 

 

Read the histories of the Children's Bureau posted on the government websites below.  How do these histories allow us to understand the ways in which children have been used to shape public policy? Why the different narratives on these two sites?

 

Reading:

Social Security Narratives, including Brief and Extended History of the Children's Bureau

http://www.ssa.gov/history/childb1.html

Health and Human Services History Narrative: http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/cb/

 

Paula Fass, "Children in Global Migrations," Journal of Social History 38.4 (2005) 937-953.

William Wei,"Hmong American Youth: American Dreams, American Nightmare" in Generations of Youth

Imagine that you were working for the Children's Bureau today

Historic New York Times Database

 Online Collection at UMass

http://silk.library.umass.edu:2048/login?url=http://hn.umi.com/pqdweb?RQT=301&UserId=IPAUTO&Passwd=IPAUTO&JSEnabled=1&COPT=U01EPTYmSU5UPTAmREJTPTFBQ0Q@

 

Representations Paper Due

 

 

Week 8           Spring Break - No Class (3/20-3/22)

 

Week 9           Children's Voices in the Civil Rights Movement (3/13-3/15)

 

Reading:

Robin D. G. Kelley, "The Riddle of the Zoot: Malcolm Little and Black Cultural Politics during World War II" In Generations of Youth

 

Ellen Levine, Freedom's Children: Young Civil Rights Activists Tell Their Own Stories

             

 

Week 10         Countercultures and Social Movements (4/3-4/5)

 

Reading:

Port Huron Statement of the Students for a Democratic Society, 1962

http://coursesa.matrix.msu.edu/~hst306/documents/huron.html

 

Beth Bailey, "From Panty Raids to Revolution: Youth and Authority, 1950-1970" In Generations of Youth

 

Jeffrey Rangel, "Art and Activism in the Chicano Movement: Judith F. Baca, Youth and the Politics of Cultural Work" In Generations of Youth

 

Judy Baca and the Great Wall of Los Angeles Project

http://www.sparcmurals.org:16080/sparcone/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=20&Itemid=52

 

Judy Baca's Art

http://www.judybaca.com/

 

 

Week 11 -15   "You say you want a revolution" (4/10-4/12)
                        Participatory Education and Contemporary Youth Culture

           

T          4/10     Class Conference 1-2:30

Readings and Topics to be determined by collective action.       

 

T          4/17     No Class, Monday Schedule

 

Th       4/19     Civil Rights Paper Due

 

 

5/15  Research Paper Due

 

 

 


WebCT Guidelines

 

To access your WebCT course, you must have an OIT Account and password.  This can be obtained from the OIT office, first floor of the Lederle Lowrise room A109 (OIT web Site: http://www.oit.umass.edu/). Once your account is active your WebCT enrollment will occur the next business day.

Q: How do I logon to MyWebCT?

 

A: Logging in to your WebCT course is very easy. The following will step you through the process.

1.              Login to your Internet Service Provider (more than likely UMass)

2.              Start  INTERNET EXPLORER

3.              Either go up to the Address Box or go to File/Open. Type in the UMass WebCT courses URL which is https://webct.oit.umass.edu/

4.              Click on the link on the right that says myWebCT.

5.              Type in your WebCT ID and Password. Be careful to type in the information correctly. WebCT is case sensitive, which means that lower or upper case does matter. Your WebCT ID will be the same as your NetID and will always be all lower case.

 

If your e-mail address is johndoe@student.umass.edu, your NetID will be johndoe. Your password, again, is the same as your UMAccess password.

You must have an active account for your enrollment in any registered course that is using WebCT. If you do not have an active account you will not be enrolled in the WebCT component of your course until you have activated your account.